Improved brush-making- machine



In venan N. PETERS, PHOTO-LITHORAPHER. WASHINGTON, D CA /tetes" @gstellt l @time e, e o

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ALBF. li'l MtWHlTA, Ol? THOMPSONVILLE, ASSIGNOR TO THF. AMER- ICAN BRUSH COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTlCU'l.

Letters Patent No. 85,193, dated December 22, 1868.

i IMPROVE!) BRUSHLMAKING MAGHINE.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom 'it may concern Be it known that I, ALBERT M. lVHl'rE, of Thompsonville, in the county of Hartibrd, and Stat-e of Gonneetieut, have invent-ed a new and useful Brush-Making Machine, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this speoitieation, and in whichliigiire 1 represents a if'ertieal central longitudinal section of a brush-making maehine, constructed in aecordauce with my invention;

Figure L', an end View ofthe same;

Figure 3, an opposite end view thereof;

lligure 4, a sectional plan, taken as indicated b,\ the line 1/ g; in fig. l.; and

Figures 5 and (i, a face view and transverse section, on an enlarged scale, of certain devices for inserting.; the loops or tufts of bristles into the b1'1\sl ibloel-; or back, likewise others for forming the.' staples, and securing the loops by the latter.

Figure 7 is a view, in elevation, of certain gear detached, connected with the slide that controls the motions of the brush-back orblock.

Figure o represents an elevation and lower end view,

on an enlarged scale, of the punch used for fbrcing home the staple and tutt into the brush-back.

Similar let-ters of relere-nee indicate correslmnding parts.

The object of my invention is to supersede the hand: process, heretofore. in use, of dividing the bristles into knots or tufts, and inserting or securing them into the brush-stock or back, by doing the same auton'latically or through the agency of nizwhinery; and

My invention embraces mechanical means or devices for making brushes ofthe description secured to me by Letters Patent No. 47,157, bearing date ofApril 4, A. l). '1865, but portions of the invention are applicable to the manufact-ure of brushes, in which the knots or tufts are ditibrently seein'ed.

ln this connection, said invention includes, as novel features, a divider, operating in connection with end- Y less serrated belts, or their equivalents, for feeding forward the bristles, said divider, first, rising at intervals and then allowed to drop to enter the bristles, to space or open the latter; fingers, automatically opera-ting to actual-'e the divider, also spreadinglaterally, to separate into tufts the bristles spaced by the. divider; a eutter, operating in conjunction with a staple-slide, for eutting the wire of which the staples, used to secure the tuftsin the brush-buck or block, are formed into suitable lengths to produce the staples; also, a slide, and means, including a fm-mer, for shaping the staple,- straddling the tnft or knot with it, crossing o1 inclining the free ends ofthe staple to cross, and driving the doubled knot or tuft, and its holding-staple, into the'pertbra-tions in the brush-back or block, and

finally, driving home the staple; likewise, means for. feeding intermittently, or at intervals, the brush-back, to bring its perfbrations successively under the devices for inserting the doubled knots or tufts and their holding-staples, said means embracing devices for feeding the said back or block, hole by hole,'in one direction', of its length o'r breadth, as the. ease may be; afterwards, or at the termination of one line of portera-tions, giving to the back or liloek'a movement eross'wise to the former motion, to bringl the next row or line in line with the devices employed to insert the tufts and staples; and iinally, reversing the motion of the back or block in line of such succeeding row of holes, and so on till the whole brush-back or block is Jfilled with tufts or bristles, and samel secured by the staples.

Referring to the accompanying drawing- A represents the Ina in bed ofthe frame, whieh is suitnbly'eonstructed to carrythe several working-parts of the machine, the construction and operation 4of which is as follows: I

The bristles, designed to be inserted b v knots or tufts in the brush-hacker block, are laid or strewed crosswise on endless ser'ated, or otherwise suitably'- constructed belts, B B, arranged parallel* to each other, at the requisite. distance apart to support the bristles at their ends, and, passing round or over rollers c aa-nd I) b, the one pair, a a, of which are made the drivers, to give to the belts an intermittent motion, into or towards, as regards its upper travel, the ina-iu body or portion of the machine, said belts carrying the bristle-s along with them. v

The means for thus operating the rollers a a may consist of a ratchet-wheel, c; on the one end ofsaid rollers shaft., worked by a pawl, (l, pivoted to a vibrating or rocking arm, c, operated by a rod, j', attached to a lever, y, which is roeked by or through a wristpin or rod, h, secured to a slide, C, having an interv1nittentlv-reeiproeating travel in direction of the belts.

D is thecarriage., on whieh'the brush-back or block, to have the blistles inserted in it, is laid or secured, said carriage travelling intermittently motion in line with the belts, as hereinafter more minutelv described.

Prior to fixing said brush-back or block within the carriage D, it' is suitably perforated for reception of the tufts or knots in succession, and, on commencing to operate, said back or its carriage. is adjusted to bring its one outside end or corner hole in proper receivingposition for a tuft or knot, interrnediatelv of the belts B B, as it were, but beyond them.I

E is a vertical, loosely-dropping divider, arranged, say, to slide or play in a fixed bracket, j, and lying intermediatelv of the belts,at their inner ends, said di vider being preferably pointed at. its lower extremity, and, when down, restingonthe bed k, which lies imon or in ways i crosswise of the belt-feed; also having, at intervals, a p

mediately beneath the upper travel of the upper belts.

"lhe olice of' this divider is to open or space the bristles lying on the belts, for the purpose -of forming them into knots or tufts immediatelybefore thc delivery of the bristles from the belts, the senate-d construction of the belts serving to hold the bristles at their. ends, during such division, or separation, and arrangement of the bristles into bunches or tufts, which is only iu part effected by the divider E, lingers F F perfbrming an important function in this connection. Thus, the divider E remains down on the'bed k till the belt commences to give the bristles aV forward feed, when it is momentarily or temporarily lifted by the lingers F F, which latter, formed with suitable pointers or downward project-ions, for entering the opening or space made by the divider in the bristles, afterwards spread or workout laterally, to complete the opening of the bristles into knots or tufts, the fingers, after having lifted the divider andallowed it to fall again, to accomplish a fresh spacing in the next feed of the bristles, dropping, by their pointers, into the space formed by the divider before they expamd to complete the opening or formation of the tuft, and said fingers subsequently moving forward in their expanded condition, conjointly with an independent slide, G, provided with stops, l I, to hohl and carry the tuf't beneath thel devices for inserting and securing the knots or tufts in the brush-back, after which the lingers F F contract and retire or work back, together with the slide G, to, in due course of time, renew thc operation, in connection with the divider, on the next fbed or' the bristles by the belts.

The means by which these several motions or actions are effected may be as follows:

The fingers F F are of a pine'ers or tongs-construction, being pivoted, at nz, with freedom both of upand-down and lateral play to the interrnittently-reciprocating slide C, and theirv back legs or arms in gear, by projecting pins or studs n, n', with oblique slots o u, made in a plate, H, connected with the interior or under side of the slide C, and moving conjointly with the latter, but also independently of it, said plate llfVA being attachedto a knob or protuberance, j), which has limited play through a longitudinal slot in the slide C, so that, on the protuberance p being reciprocated in direction of the belts, which is effected intermittently by a grooved cam, Ilever, J', and rod, K, the plate H, in the back movement of the protuH berance 11, is lirst slid back to close, by its slots o o, the front legs ofthe lingers F F, and afterwards to retire with the slide G, and, as the latter approzmhcs the end of' its back stroke, said lingers made to lift in front, carrying their peints 'over the bristles, and, for the purpose of temporaiily raising the divider, which they catch under ears or pins q q, such` lift of the fingers being effected by an inclined plane', r, attached to one of the back legs ofthe fingers, coming in contact with and passing under a fixed arm s, or arm hung to swing only in a forward direction, to permit of the free return ofthe incline r to the front again. After the ineline r has passed in a backward direction under the arm s,- the fiont legs of the iin gers drop again, and, von motion being communicated to wor i forwards the protuberance 11, it rst pulls on the slide H, to expand the fingers F, to complete the opening ofthe bristles, and then, moving in common with the slide C, causes the tuf't or bunch to be carried forward between the projections from the fingers, and the stops l l, that project from the independent slide G, which latter has its intermittently-reciprocating action given it by a grooved cam, L, level', M, and rod, N, to cause it to move backwards and forwards, coujointly with the fingers, but so timed, in relation to the latter, as that the fingers first `move forward, to carry the bunch or tuft up against the stop l l, then the slide G and fingers move conjointly in the same direction, to carry the tuft, thus held, to or over its place of' insertion, when a pause takes place inthe movement of both fingers and slide,

after which the fingers commence to retire, leavingl loose the tuf't, so as to facilitate its insertion, and immediately afterwards, that is, after insertion of the tuf't has been effected, the slide to work backwards, conjointly with the lingers, to repeat, in due course ol' time, their .forward operation, in connection with the lingers, for theconveyance of a succeeding knot or tuft. instead ol' the lingers retiring in advance, to effect release ofthe tuft, the slide G may have an'additional forward movement given it.

It will now be necessary to describe the means`by which the knots or tufts, thus fed forward in succession, are inserted, one by one, in the brush-back or block. l

In or prior to effecting the insertion, the bunch or tnft is bent or doubled in the middle to give it a loop-form, and staple made to stra-dille the tuft prior to its being bent, for which purpose the slide G is recessed or cut away between the stop l l, and for a short distance in the rear of thcm, so that by pressing down olrthe tuft between such cut-away portions or staple, straddling thc tuff or bunch, the latter, resting only at its ends on the slide, may be bent or doubled, as required, in the middle, and carried along with its staple to thc hole or pcrfbration in which such are required to be inserted. Y

Ou commencing the operation of' inserting and securing the tufts in the brush-back of block, the latter, or its carriage D, as hereinbefore observed, is first adjusted, so as to bring the one. outside end or corner perfbration in the back, umle.neath the devices cmf ployed to insert and secure the tufts, each. hole in the brush-back or block being brought successively, as'

hereinafter described,- under said tuff-inserting and securing devices, andunder the middle of the bunch or tuff at the cxtreme of' its advance stroke or feed, by the fingers F F and slide G.

The means for forming the staple, locating it on or across the tnft, and inserting and securing the tuft and staple, are as follows: f

O is the main o'r driving-shaft, made to rotate in the direction indicated by the arrow at.

This shaft has secured on, 'so as to rotate with it, a disk, l, that revolves within a lixed head, Q, having double front or cap-plates R and S.

Projecting li'om the front of this revolving disk, is an eccentric-pin, s, on which is a loosely-fitted brass or block, t, that, in the rota-tion of'fthe disk, serves 'to give an up-and-down motion, throligh a yoke, il, guided and working in a recess, l', made in the fixed head, to a slide, T, said piu s also serving, by its gear with or eccentric proiection into a disk, U, to rotate the cams I and L.

'lhc wire to form the staples is fcd, by any suitable' means, from the back end of' the machine, through a holc,1c, in a lower extension, to the fixed head Q, till it is entered to a proper length or distance within a a' recess, al, which is virtually a downward 'extension ofthe recess r. x,

This hole ur has branching from it, at right angles to it, on one side, a cross-aperture, b, in which works a cutter, V, operated by a lever, \V,`through a pin, c', ou the rea-r side of the disk l), so as to give the cutter V a short, quick stroke once in the revolution of said disk, for the purpose of cutting ofi' thel wire fed into the recess a, as described, to form a staple, a spring, (I, 4afterwards throwing back the cutter.

Prior, however,to the wire being thus cut, a stapleformer, X, is shot laterally into the recess al, immediately below the wirc, said former working, when it is required fo shift it out of' thc recess ad, into a suitable side recess in thc lower extension to the iixed head Q, and being formed of legs or arms, cf, working on a pivot, as at gl, a spring, li, serving to shoot the formeli nto the -recess cwhenever a reduction, e, made in the periphery of the disk l), comes round to admit of the free end of the armfl entering it, the spring h causing said end of the arm j to bear against the periphery ofthe disk.

By these means the staple-former X is kept out of the recess a duling the greater portion of the revolution of the disk l, so as not. to be iu the way of certain devices, connected with the slide T, and inner slide thereto, `as hereinafter described, when said devices are ,required to cross the path of the formen but said Ffm-mer, by means of the. reduction li, remains the requisite length of time within the recessl al to perform its function.

The staple is formed by the bending ofthe cnt wire in the recess al, over the former, X, through the action of jaws, fj', pivoted, as at '1.1I k, to a slide A', arranged to have. vertical play within the slide T, and, at intervals, conjointly with' the latter, said jaws bearing down in an open condition on the wire, to bend it over the former, and, on the former7'1novi1ig out of the way, carrying down within them, in a loose but secure manner, the staple down to and over the bunch or tuft of bristles lying on the recessed portion of the slide G, when the jaws jj close, compressing, or pa-rtly crossing the legs of the staple over the tuft, and, in the further descent' of the jaws, doubling or bending the tuft, and carrying it, together with the staple clasping it, down to the perforation in the brush-back, after which the jaws j' j open, and a puncl, B', attached to the slide T, descemlswithin and through the jaws, to force home to their place in the perforation the doubled tuit and staple, which latter, inthe pressure brought to bear on it, and the resist-ance it encounters at tbebottom of the perforation, has its legs properly or fully crossed, and made to enter or bite, laterally or obliquely, into the wood orothermaterial, and so to fasten thelooped or doubled tuft in an upright and secure manner within the pertbration. Y

This punch B is of peculiar formation at its lower end, being of a concave shape in directions at right angles to each other, for the purpose of snugly fitting on or over, and conforming to the shape of the bent end of the staple, and so preventing slipping ofthe punch off'the latter in driving it home.

The jaws jj' are opened by the action of springs, applied to them in any proper manner, andare closed, when required, by a swell, l', on the top of the punch B', as, in theactiou ofthe punch, which has considerably greater vertical play than the jaws, it passes in between pins, 'm m, projecting from the upper ends of the legs n ofthe jaws, and working within slots and recesses made in the sides of the slide A', the punch B', with its swell Z', travelling in a vertical groove formed within the slide A'. v

' After the tuft has been inserted and secured, as described, the jawsj' j rise out of the way, to their original position above the former, X, and following them, to a greater extent, the punch B also rises up beyond the jaws, to enable both the. jaws and punch, in due course of time, to' repeat the operation in their succeeding descent on the next tuft. The means for thus operating, in timelyrelationship to each other andthe aws, the punch B, forme-i"7 X, and wire-cutter V, have already been described.

To effect the timely and necessary action of the jaws jj', as specified, the. slide A carrying said jaws has its requisite lup-and-down motion given it by a pm o1' roller, o', arranged to project from said slide, and made to fit or enteran irregularly-tbrmed or suitably-shaped camlike` groove, G, made in the face of the revolving disliI..

The following devices are or 4may be employed to give to the brush-back carriage D its requisite movements for insertion and fastening of the tufts within the perfor-ations, as hereinbeibre described, namely,

first, in an intermittent manner along the ways i i, to

in reverse directions, are arranged ou a frame or bed, D', that is made capable of motion along or on the main or stationary bed A, in a erosswise relationship to the ways -i Ii, as necessary to secure the several adj ustmeuts of the brush-back or block, as vhereinbefore referred to.

The onemoveinent or set of movements, that is, of the carriageD along the ways -i t, is effected by a pinion, a", tted by groove and feather on a shaft, E', and arranged to l gear with or mesu into a rack, b2, on the under side of the carriage, said shaft rotating first in one direction, in. an intermittent manner, and aiterwards,' intermittently, in a reverse direction, and the pinion at' sliding on the shaft Df which drives it, to admit f the travel of the frame DJalong the bed A. j

This frame D hasits movement or movements effected by an intermittently-revolving pinion, i?, working into a rack, d, secured to said frame.

:These several movements, as hereinbefore described, of the carriage D, and the bed or frame D', are automatically accomplished as follows:

On the back of the main driving-shaft 0 is a disk, F', carrying a wrist or eccentric-pin, ci, which is adjustable thereon to vary the'throw to suitdiiferent distances apart of the perforations in the brush-back in direction ofthe length of the carriage D. This eccentric-pin c2, as it rotates, serves, by a pitman, f2, to give 'able ways, g2.

Said slide G carries two reversely-arranged freelyhung' or pendent pawls, h, which, inthe down-stroke of the slide, gear-'with a notched wheel, H, on opposite sides ofthe axis of the latter, only one of these pendent pawls thus gearing with the notched wheel H', aceording to the direction it is required to give the carriage D its intermittentmovements.

The notched wheel H is fast to the shaft E, so that either one of the pawls, h2 h3, according to which, in its down-stroke, is made to gear with the notched wheel, serves, as it is reciprocated repeatedly up and down, to actas a driver to the carriage D,to give toit its requisite intermittent motions in the onedirection. Thus, supposing the pawlh to be set so that, in its downstroke, it opera-tes the notched wheel H', and the other pawl h3 to be switched from gearing with said Wheel, then the carriage D will be caused to move intermittently toward the one end of the machine; 'but, on: reversing the gear of the pawls, that is, allowing the pawl hto gear with the wheel H', and the other pawl h2 to be set so thatiit fails to gear therewith, then the intermittent travel of the carriage D is reversed.

suitable pause, as hereinafter described', at the termination of the intermittent travel of the carriage D in the one direction, to give said carriage intermittent travel in the opposite direction, for the purpose of lling the onel row of pertbrations with tufts or bristles, and then the next adjacent row, as hereinbefore referred to.

This timely adjustment of the pa-wls h2 h, so as to restrict either one to gear with the wheel H', is eifected by a swinging shifter, E', hung by sleeve, L, loosely on Athe shaftl'. Said shifter is tripped or thrown to either side vof the carriage D, and is so operated as tl'iat, in the first instance, or for a short interval of time, it, in shifting, simply trips and keeps both pawls during, say, one up-and down-stroke of them, out of gear with the notched wheel. This, in reversal of the pawls, is necessary to give time for adjustment ofthe frame D', to

bring the holes successively in one row beneath the tuft- Thus, the ways yi i, along which the carriage D moves an -up-aud-down motion to a slide, Gf, working in suit- This' rerversal in the action of the pawls takes place after a bring the 'next' row of the perforations in the brushback in line with the tuft-insertin g and securing devices after the carriage D has completed its stroke along the ways 'i t' in the one direction.

To establish this pause, or move the shifter K' so as to throw both pawls out of gear at the end of a carriage-stroke, said shifter is struck or operated by one or other of two roller-stops, lVI M2, secured, in an adjustable manner to adapt the feed o f the carriage D to different lengths of brush-backs, to opposite ends of a sliding rack, N', which is set in motion crosswise ofthe machine by a pinion, O', fast to the shaft E. Thus, after the carriage has travelled its requisite distance along theways t t', 'n the one direction, the one stop, Ml or M2, strikes the. shifter K to throw both pawls out of gear, and to keep them out of gear, till, by means hereinafter described, and after the frame D has been moved to bring the next row of holes in line to receive the bristles, said shifter K' is further shifted in the saine direction, to reverse the gear or action of the pawls, which establishes an opposite intermittent travel to the carriage D in its ways #i, till arrested by the action of the opposite roller-stop striking the swinging shifter.

This automatic movement ofthe shifter alternately in reverse directions is kept up until the whole brushback has its tufts inserted and secured in it.

The pinion c2 that, through the rack di, gives the requisite intermittent' motions to the frame D' to adjust the brush-back the distance one row of perfbrations lies from another, and which', as before observed, takes place at the termination of the travel in either direction ofthe carriage D, is operated as follows:

On the shaft C is ar anged a cani, l", and beneath the latter a vertical slide, (LY, working within a box or guiding-frame, R1, and locked, when down, by a springcatch, S, biting on or over a tooth, if, projecting from the one side of said slide, near its bottom. Then thus down, and locked, the slide is not acted upon by the cam P', and this is the condition of said slide during the entire travel of the carriage D in its ways i li, in either direction, but, on the shifter K' beingmoved to adjust and keep both pawls Il. h3 out of gear with the wheel'H at the termination of the-travelin one direction of the carriage D, then the spring-catch .S isA tripped out of lock with the slide Q' by the action of an inclined projection, k2, o n an arm, RZatt-ached to the shaft ofthe sleeve or shifter K', and, thus released, the slide Q' is shot upwards by a spring, lm2, so that, when the cam P'.again comes round, it deprcsses the slide Q', and with it a rack, n2, attached thereto, which sets in motion a pinion, S2, hung loose on the shaft o2 of the pinion ci, and, by a pawl, pi, pivoted to the loose pinion Si, operates a ratehetfwheel, T', fast on the shaft 0*', and so t'n'rns the pinion ci, to give the requisite feed to the sliding frame D' to bring the next row of holes in the brush-back in linev with the tutt-inserting and secinin g devices; This done, and as the sli de Q' reach es the end of its`downward stroke, the spring-catch S' again shoots into lock, to hold down the slide free from operation by the earn till the carriage has reached the end of its travel in the opposite direction, when the operation of' said slide is repeated to give further feed to' the frame D', and so on in succession till the several rows of perforations are filled.

It will readily be seen that, by the ratchet-gear of the loose pinion S2 with the shaft o2, the slide or rack 'ai' thereof' fails in its upward stroke to give a reversed or any action to said shaft, and so to prevent any backstroke of the sliding frame D till the brush isccmpleted, when, by lifting the pawl p2, said frame maybe run back by hand, or otherwise, to repeat the operation, as regards the intermittent movement of it by the slide Q', in connection with a new brush-back or block, as before. y

Attached to the rack n? is a fixed cani or cam-shaped projection, frz, that, in the upward movement of the rack and its slide Q', simply presses on a spring-borne holt, s2, carried by a socket, I?, attached to the arm R' of the shifter K', but that, in its down-stroke, acts laterally ou the side of the holt si shot outward towards the completion of the up-stroke of theslide, to nieve the shifter K further in the direc-tion it had previously been swung by the roller-stop 1W or M2.

This fdrther movement of the shifter establishes the reversed action of the pawls h h, by destroying the liberated relationship of the pawls to the notched wheel H', and throwing the opposite one of such pawls into gear with said wheel to that previously operating it. In this way, 'and at the termination of each opposite travel of the carriage D, is the motion of the lattcrreversed after the sliding frame D' has been adjusted to bring the next succeeding row of perfor-ations in the brush-back in line with the tutt-inserting and securing devices. y

What is here. claimed. and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is-

l. ,In combination with the belt or other suitable feed of. the bristles, a divider, E, of any suitable construe tion, operating to space the bristles into knots or tufts, substantially as described.

2. The fingers F F, so constructed and operatingas to spread out laterally, to effect or complete the separation ofthe bristles into knots or tufts, and afterwards to carry or push forward the same, for insertion in the brush-back or block, sul'istantially as specified.

3. The combination of the divider E and fingers li1 F, for operation together, essentially as set forth, and whereby the fingers are made to lift and release the divider, to secure the spacing of the bristles, as speci# fied.

4. The combination, with the fingers F F, of the slide G, or their equivalents, for (peration together, essen` tially as and for the purpose or purposes herein set forth.

Thel combination, with the fingers F F, ofthe slides C and H, slots o o, pins ny n, inclined plane fr, and arm s, or the equivalents of these devices, in such manner as that the fingers are first expanded, afterwards moved forward, and, subsequently, in their back-stroke, made to risc for the purpose of lifting the divider which spaces the bristles iuto knots or tufts.

(i. The combination, in a brush-making machine, of a wire-cutter, V, and s'aple-ibrrner X, for operation together, substantially as specified.

7. The jawsj'j', having a reciprocating movement, and opening and closing, as described, in combination with' a reciprocating punch, B', for operation together, and on or relatively to the tuft,substantially as described.

8. The combination, with the recessed slide G, of

the jaws j. j' and punch B', for action together, as hereinA set forth.

y9. The punch B', constructed at its lower end of a concave forni, in directions at rightangles to each other,` essentially as and for the plu'poses specified.

1l). The combination of the jaws j' j', punch B', wirecutter V, and a staple-former, X, or their equivalents, for action together, or relatively to each other, essentially as and for the purposes specified.

1l. In colnbination with devices for inserting and ,se-l curing the bristles in tufts, the brush-block carriage D, arranged to travel intermittently in the one direction, then crosswise of such motion for a distance co1'- responding to the width of the two adjacent rows of peiiorations apart, and subsequently to travel intermittently in a reverse direction to its first movement, substantially as described.`

12. The combination of the slide G' with its pawls `It h3, notched wheel H', pinion O', rack N', stops M Mi,

and shifter K', essentially as specified.

13. The combination of the cam P', slide (1),', .spring 'm2, spring-catch S, and arm R4 ofthe shifter K', constructed to release the catch, substantially as herein set forth.

15. A combination of mechanism for spacing 01' sepurating the lnistlesinto tufts, and suitably inenting them over a perforated brush-back orblock; also, servingnntematica-ily to insert and sec-nre saidl tufts by .staples 14. The combination, withthe pawl-shifter K', of mechanism, whereby the carriage-operating p awls are made first to be thrown ont et gear with the notched wheel which they drive, afterwards to he reeiproeated independently of the saine, and, subsequently, either within the hack or block, essentially as herein set forth, one of said pawls made to gear with such Wheel, for v A, 'M'. 'HITE. the purpose of establishing,l the adjustment of the carl Witnesses:

'riage in a erosswise direction, and afterwards reversing its action at right angles thereto, as herein described. E. LYMAX. 

